SHIVA

Shiva (pronounced /ˈʃiːvə/; Sanskrit: शिव, Śiva, IPA: [ˈɕivə]; Hindi: [ˈʃɪʋə], meaning "Auspicious one"), also known as Rudra (the "Feared One") is a major Hindu god and one aspect of Trimurti. In the Shaiva tradition of Hinduism, Shiva is seen as the Supreme God. In theSmarta tradition, he is one of the five primary forms of God.^[2][3]

Followers of Hinduism who focus their worship upon Shiva are called Shaivites or Shaivas (Sanskrit Śaiva).^[4] Shaivism, along withVaiṣṇava traditions that focus on Vishnu and Śākta traditions that focus on the goddess Devī are three of the most influential denominations in Hinduism.^[3]

Shiva is usually worshipped in the form of Shiva linga. In images, he is generally represented as immersed in deep meditation or dancing the Tandava upon Maya, the demon of ignorance in his manifestation of Nataraja, the lord of the dance.

In some Hindu denominations^[which?], Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva represent the three primary aspects of the divine, and are collectively known as the Trimurti. In this school of religious thought, Brahma is the creator, Vishnu is the maintainer or preserver, and Shiva is the destroyer or transformer.^[5]

Hindu Belief Notes

Hindu religious traditions cluster around two concepts:

Dharma-"it it necessary to uphold, preserve, perpetuate, and refine the physical world generally, and human society specifically."

Moksha-"It is necessary to find ultimate release from the world."

• The hindu tradition has been able to preform with uncompromising force the truth that humans is both a social animal lead by physical needs who must live with other humans, and a uniquely spiritual and solitary animal who at some point yearns to transcend all physical and social limitations.
• The dharma tradition is deeply rooted in Vedic Literarture.
• Expect the Upanishads, Verdic religion was concerned primarily with insuring the contiued fertility and well being of the world.
• Verdic religion- human existence in the world, when concerned with life and death it described an afterlife that was a continuation of earthly life.
• Bhagvad Gita- term dharma is used to refer to the orderliness of human society and to each person's dty to uphold that order through every action.
• Each person, doesnt matter how low born, has an obligationto preform his or her ascribed social function for the welfare of society as a whole.
• According to the Gita, every action is a ritual having cosmic consequences if properly understood and undertaken
• Human society is characterized and ranked by castes (circumscribed social groups) when a person is born.
• Each caste has a traditional occupation: agriculture, business, or building. Each serves and upholds society by dutifully preforming this occupation.
• Rank is ascribed at birth and not achieved by merit.

Plato Notes

Book I:

Pg 21.

343b

Justice/Injustice

Injustice rules the just

“The just man everywhere has less than the unjust man.” The unjust man has no morals, no limits.

Juvenal
“What I want-I take- let my will take the place of reasoned argument.”

Justice: virtue, prudent, good, knowledge, wise, happy

- the soul’s virture is to purse the good

Injustice: vice, thoughtless, bad, lack of knowledge, ignorant, wretched

Book II:

Pg. 35

Cityàfollow justiceàMust be led by guardians

The Guardians:

- Swift

- Strong

- Philosophical king

Speech=Logic/Reason

Most important subjects for the young:

o Gym for the body

o Music for the soul

“what I want I take, let my might take the place of reasoned argument” –Juvenal

Justice-virtue-prudent-good-knowledge-wise

Iinjustice-vice-thoughtful-bad-lack of knowledge-ignorant

Homer must not be accepted in the city

415a (94) book 3

Guardians-gold-wisdom-smallest %

Calculating (reason) Super Ego

Auxiliaries/soilders-silver-courage-strength

Desire (irrational)-courage ID

Farmers/merchants-bronze/iron

Spirit Ego

Moderation

All three working in harmony = just city

Book3:

Gods don’t rape, cheat, steal, lie

Book 4

106-> 428a

430a “don’t think we devised all that for any other purpose than that …”

Group 4 Reflection

1. What was your Hypothesis?
How does the salinity levels, distilled water, and Ph levels of the water effect plant growth in an estuary?

2. Explain your experiance in gaining and testing the evidence? -Examples? Evidence?
My experiance was very good. We had some issues with some of the equipment however. Originally we were going to mark the gps coorodinates of each spot we measured, however the gps device on the logger pro was not working, so we were not able to do so. Also we found that measuring distilled water was taking way to long so we decided not to use that in our experiment. We took a sample of water from each area that we marked off and measured the salinity in it. Then we took a sample of the mud from the same spot. Each time we movedto a new spot we tried to find an increase in plant growth. There was no where near drastic increases like we thought there would be so it became very difficult to choose which spot to measure next. Also it was very inconvient that all the mud we were collecting was in the water under the plant life. The more plant life there was the muddier and grosser it got. I was the one who had to go into the water and get the mud, and it was extremly gross. My shoes smelled.

3. How was working in a group? what went well? What didnt?
Working in a group was interesting. For our experiment there was almost too many people working on it, becuase of this issue we decided to split the into two for some of the experiment. While one half of the group measured the salinity the other half went to find a new spot and collect the mud. By the time the mud was collected the rest of the group had finished up salinity and was ready to move on to the new area. This plan worked out really well. However in my group we deffinatly had some personality issues. It wasnt that we disliked eachother there wa just a lot of clash in intrests and ideas, which made it very hard to collaberate when things went wrong. However spliting the group in two solved this.

4. How do you know that you gained scientific knowledge?
I know that I gained scientific knowledge because I noticed that as the salinity levels in the water changed the more the plant life changed (Emperisism). I know the instruments work because of authority, like Mrs. Gallo. I know that this was true becuase before the experiment my group did reaearch that told us that the salinity levels would effect plant life. The results shown on the logger pro that Mrs. Gallo told us worked were in accordance to what the research showed.